Andrew 1780
Discipline from George Washington

General Orders

Head Quarters, Clove [N.Y.] July 19th 1777.

Parole:

Countersign:

A Board of General Officers, consisting of all the General Officers not on duty, to sit to morrow at ten o’clock in the forenoon, at General Greene’s quarters, for the purpose of settling the rank of all the Pennsylvania Field Officers.

[331]

The Commander in Chief is pleased to approve the following sentences of a general Court Martial, held the 17th instant, whereof Col. Shreve was president; and orders their immediate execution—vizt:

John Jay of Col. Hazen’s regt charged with “Desertion”—The Court having no evidence against him, ordered him to be released from confinement.

Christian Gasner of Col. Armand’s regiment charged with “Desertion”—The Court having no evidence against him, ordered him to be released from confinement.

Matthew Myers of the 3rd Pennsylvania regt charged with “Desertion”—found guilty, and sentenced to receive fifty lashes on his bare back.

Adam Haskey and Fredrick Leonard, both of Col. Stewart’s regiment from Pennsylvania, charged with “Desertion” found guilty, and sentenced each to receive fifty lashes.

Frederick Miller of Col. Stewarts regiment from Pennsylvania, charged with “Desertion”; found guilty and sentenced to receive fifteen lashes on his bare back: But the Commander in Chief, on account of the prisoner’s extreme youth, and at the Court’s request, is pleased to remit his punishment.

Robert Fassett of the 4th Pennsylvania regiment charged with “Desertion”—The Court having no evidence against the prisoner, ordered him to be released from confinement.

Robert Burns of the 3rd Virginia regiment, charged with “Desertion from the 3rd Virg: regt and inlisting into the 2nd Pennsylvania regt”—found guilty, and sentenced to receive fifty lashes.

Corporal Miller, Serjt McClure, Serjt Johnson and John Donnegan a private, all the 4th New-Jersey regiment,1 charged with “Mutiny, endeavouring to excite Sedition, and disobedience of orders respecting the marching of the army”—The three former found guilty of Mutiny, in joining with a body of men, and going to Head-Quarters to make complaint, and not guilty of endeavouring to excite Sedition and disobedience of orders, respecting the marching of the army; and sentenced to be reduced to the ranks, and reprimanded at the head of the regiment, by the commanding officer; And John Donnegan found guilty of the charges against him, and sentenced to receive one hundred lashes on his bare back.

James Divinney of the 5th Pennsylv: regiment, charged with “Desertion from the 5th Pennsylvania regiment, and inlisting into the 3rd Pennsylv: regiment”—found guilty, and sentenced to receive fifty lashes on his bare back, and to be sent to the 5th Pennsylvania regiment, and the bounty he received from Capt. Reese (of the 3rd Penn: regt) to be stopped out of the prisoners wages, and paid Capt: Reese.2

4 Mar 1780 listed as confined

7 Apr 1780 listed as prisoner

10 Apr 1780 reduced to Private

6 Sep 1780 transferred to infantry

Sep-Dec Camp Pompton

Andrew 1779
Age 24-25 

Feb 1 1779 transferred to Captain Holmes 1^st Regiment.

Muster roll date Mar 1779 and April 1779 is at Elizabethtown, New Jersey.

Jul 3 1779 is listed at Wyoming

Daughter Elizabeth born 3 Sep 1779

1 Oct 1779 is listed as Easton, Pennsylvania

8 Nov 1779 is listed at Scotch Plains

 1^st New Jersey Regiment Sullivan Expedition 1779

Led by Major General John Sullivan and Brigadier General James Clinton, the expedition was conducted during the summer of 1779, beginning June 18 when the army marched from Easton, Pennsylvania, to October 3 when it abandoned Fort Sullivan, built at Tioga, to return to George Washington's main camp in New Jersey. While the campaign had only one major battle, at Newtown (since the tribes evacuated ahead of the large military force) along the Chemung River in western New York, the expedition severely damaged the Iroquois nations' economies by burning their crops, villages, and chattels, thus ruining the Iroquois technological infrastructure . With the Amerindians' shelter gone and food supplies destroyed, thereafter the strength of the Iroquois Confederacy was broken. The death toll from exposure and starvation dwarfed the casualties received in the Battle of Newtown, in which about 1,000 Iroquois and Loyalists were decisively defeated by an army of 3,200 Continental soldiers.

Sullivan's army carried out a scorched earth campaign, methodically destroying at least forty Iroquois villages throughout the Finger Lakes region of western New York, to put an end to Iroquois and Loyalist attacks against American settlements as had occurred the previous year of 1778 such as the Cobleskill, Wyoming Valley and Cherry Valley massacres. The survivors fled to British regions in Canada and the Niagara Falls and Buffalo areas.^[1] The devastation created great hardships for the thousands of Iroquois refugees who fled the region to shelter under British military protection outside Fort Niagara that winter, and many starved or froze to death, despite strenuous attempts by the British authorities to import food and provide shelter via their limited resources.^{[citation needed]}

The Sullivan Expedition devastated the Iroquois crops and towns and left them dependent upon the mercy of the British for the harsh winter of 1779. With the Iroquois population decimated by disease and battle, the Indian morale never fully recovered, and the Iroquois thereafter mostly limited their incursions into the new United States to isolated hunting parties, the main populations having permanently migrated north of the border.^{[citation needed]}

1778
AGE 23-24 PROBABLY MARRIED THIS YEAR

Andrew was at Valley Forge Dec 1777 May 1778. He is a sergeant. 

Andrew is on muster and pay rolls until June 1778 where is listed sick and absent. Pay roster indicates he is returned from hospital.

Battle of Monmouth was June 28.  It is unknown if Andrew was wounded at the battle or if he was in hospital for other reasons.

Location of 4th Regiment - Andrew

Jan 1778-April 1778
May 1778 Mount Holly
June 1778 Elizabethtown return from Hospital
July no location found
Aug-Dec 1778 Elizabethtown Probably married during this period

Andrew appears on muster and payroll records through Jan 1779 4th Regiment Captain Forman and Bond’s Company.   Sep 1778 he is listed as on Guard


The Battle of Monmouth was an American Revolutionary War battle fought on June 28, 1778 in Monmouth County, New Jersey. The Continental Army under General George Washington attacked the rear of the British Army column commanded by Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton as they left Monmouth Court House (modern Freehold Borough). It is also known as the Battle of Monmouth Courthouse.

Andrew was at Valley Forge Dec 1777 May 1778.

4TH NEW JERSEY REGIMENT

Maxwell’s Brigade | 4th New Jersey Regiment

History

Organized September 1776, at Morristown.

Entered Valley Forge with 292 men assigned and 186 fit for duty.

Left Valley Forge with 332 assigned 234 fit for duty.

Previous engagements: Northern New Jersey, Defense of Philadelphia, Philadelphia-Monmouth.

Field Officers

• Colonel Ephraim Martin
• Lt. Colonel Davis Rhea
• Major John Conway

Company Commanders

• Captain John Anderson
• Captain Jonathan Forman
• Captain James Holmes
• Captain Jonathan Kinsey
• Captain Abraham Lyon
• Captain Jacob Martin
• Captain Alexander Mitchell
• Captain William Bond

Regimental Staff

• Chaplain Andrew Hunter
• Quartermaster Ephram Darby
• Adjutant Joseph King
• Paymaster Absolom Martin
• Surgeon John B Riker
• Surgeon’s Mate Jacob Harris
• Quartermaster Sergeant John Johnson
• Sergeant Major James Rodgers
• Drum Major Richard Jobbs

From Valley Forge Muster Project

DEC 1777 Present

JAN 1778 On Roll Without Comment

FEB 1778 On Roll Without Comment

MAR 1778 On Roll Without Comment

APR 1778 On Roll Without Comment

MAY 1778 On Roll Without Comment

Valley Forge Legacy Maxwell's Brigade

Andrew 1777
AGE 22-23


I found no records until May 1777. Possibly he returned home for the winter.   Jul 1777 Andrew is a private reduced from Sergeant.  He is a private until Nov. 1777.  His pay was reduced from $8.00 per month to $6.67 Pay subsistence was 2 pds 10 shillings.  I found no explanation for reduction.

The New York and New Jersey campaign was a series of battles for control of New York City and the state of New Jersey in the American Revolutionary War between British forces under General Sir William Howe and the Continental Army under General George Washington in 1776 and the winter months of 1777. Howe was successful in driving Washington out of New York City, but overextended his reach into New Jersey, and ended the active campaign season in January 1777 with only a few outposts near the city. The British held New York harbor for the rest of the war, using it as a base for expeditions against other targets.

First landing unopposed on Staten Island on July 3, 1776, Howe assembled an army composed of elements that had been withdrawn from Boston in March following their failure to hold that city, combined with additional British troops, as well as Hessian troops rented from several German principalities. Washington had New England soldiers as well as regiments from states as far south as Virginia. Landing on Long Island in August, Howe defeated Washington in the largest battle of the war, but the Continental Army was able to retreat to Manhattan under cover of darkness and fog. Washington suffered a series of defeats in Manhattan, with the exception of a victory at Harlem Heights, but was nevertheless chased north to White Plains, New York. At that point Howe returned to Manhattan to capture forces Washington had left in the north of that island.

Washington and much of his army crossed the Hudson River into New Jersey, and retreated all the way across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania, shrinking due to ending enlistment periods, desertions, and poor morale. Howe ordered his troops into winter quarters in December, establishing a chain of outposts from New York to Burlington, New Jersey. Washington, in a tremendous boost to American morale, launched a successful strike against the Trenton garrison after crossing the icy Delaware River, prompting Howe to withdraw his chain of outposts back to New Brunswick and the coast near New York, while Washington established his winter camp at Morristown. During the remaining winter months, both sides skirmished frequently as the British sought forage and provisions.

Britain maintained control of New York City and some of the surrounding territory until the war ended in 1783, using it as a base for operations elsewhere in North America. In 1777, General Howe launched a campaign to capture Philadelphia, leaving General Sir Henry Clinton in command of the New York area, while General John Burgoyne led an attempt to gain control of the Hudson River valley from Quebec that failed at Saratoga. Northern New Jersey was the scene of skirmishing between the opposing forces for the rest of the war.

From Wikipedia

Andrew was at battle of Brandywine Delaware Sept 1777.

The Battle of Germantown, Pennsylvania was Oct 4, 1777, 4^th Regiment New Jersey was present.  Andrew was on muster roll so it is presumed he was at the battle.

The Battle of Brandywine, also known as the Battle of Brandywine Creek, was fought between the American army of General George Washington and the British army of General Sir William Howe on September 11, 1777. The British Army defeated the American Army and forced them to withdraw toward the American capital of Philadelphia. The engagement occurred near Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania during Howe's campaign to take Philadelphia, part of the American Revolutionary War. More troops fought at Brandywine than any other battle of the American Revolution.^[5] It was also the longest single-day battle of the war, with continuous fighting for 11 hours.^[5]

From Wikipedia

Brandywine Battlefield Historic Site

Andrew's Timeline 1776 for 4th Regiment New Jersey
AGE 21-22

Timeline 4^th New Jersey Regiment

Maxwell’s Brigade

 Organized September 1776, at Morristown.

Field Officers

·         Colonel Ephraim Martin

·         Lt. Colonel Davis Rhea

·         Major John Conway

Company Commanders

·         Captain John Anderson

·         Captain Jonathan Forman

·         Captain James Holmes

·         Captain Jonathan Kinsey

·         Captain Abraham Lyon

·         Captain Jacob Martin

·         Captain Alexander Mitchell

·         Captain William Bond

Regimental Staff

·         Chaplain Andrew Hunter

·         Quartermaster Ephram Darby

·         Adjutant Joseph King

·         Paymaster Absolom Martin

·         Surgeon John B Riker

·         Surgeon’s Mate Jacob Harris

·         Quartermaster Sergeant John Johnson

·         Sergeant Major James Rodgers

·         Drum Major Richard Jobbs

Andrew was a private in Captain Abraham McKinney’s Company state militia and Colonel Ephraim Martin’s Regiment and Brigadier-General Nathaniel Hear’s Brigade State Troops in 1776.  He was at the battle of Long Island, New York, August 27, 1776 and White Plains, New York Oct 28, 1776.

Andrew enlisted at Six Mine Run 30 Nov 1776 for duration of war according to his service records. He was a resident of Sussex County age 21 years.

Muster records for Dec  1776 show he was appointed 1 Dec 1776 as a sergeant and that he was sick in camp in William Bond’s Company 4^th Regiment New Jersey

1. William Bond served as a captain in Col. Ephraim Martin’s regiment of New Jersey militia levies from July to November 1776, and on 28 Nov. 1776 he was named a captain in the 4th New Jersey Regiment. Resigning his Continental commission in December 1777, Bond in October 1778 became lieutenant colonel of the 1st Regiment of the Sussex County militia, and in May 1780 he led a detachment of ten men in a successful ambush of a party of British Indian recruits in Northampton County, Pa. (see N.J. Archives, 2d ser., 4:406). Samuel Brackenridge, who was appointed second lieutenant of Bond’s company in December 1776, resigned his commission in November 1777. Dennis McCarty of Sussex County was a private in Bond’s company



The Battle of Long Island, also known as the Battle of Brooklyn and the Battle of Brooklyn Heights, fought on August 27, 1776, was the first major battle of the American Revolutionary War to take place after the United States declared its independence on July 4, 1776. It was a victory for the British Army and the beginning of a successful campaign that gave them control of the strategically important city of New York. In terms of troop deployment and fighting, it was the largest battle of the entire war.

The Battle of White Plains was a battle in the New York and New Jersey campaign of the American Revolutionary War fought on October 28, 1776, near White Plains, New York. Following the retreat of George Washington's Continental Army northward from New York City, British General William Howe landed troops in Westchester County, intending to cut off Washington's escape route. Alerted to this move, Washington retreated farther, establishing a position in the village of White Plains but failed to establish firm control over local high ground. Howe's troops drove Washington's troops from a hill near the village; following this loss, Washington ordered the Americans to retreat farther north.

Service Records May 1777 May 1781 Andrew is sick in camp May 1777 Jun Jul 1781 sick at Morristown